Chemical for Mining Industrial stage 3
September 6, 2011 | In: appraisal appraiser, property
Sulfuric Acid: Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical, and indeed, a nation’s sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. The major use for sulfuric acid is in the “wet method” for the production of phosphoric acid, used for manufacture of phosphate fertilizers as well as trisodium phosphate (TSP, E339) for detergents. In this method, phosphate rock is used, and more than 100 million tones are processed annually. Sulfuric acid is used in large quantities by the iron and steel making industry to remove oxidation, rust and scale from rolled sheet and billets prior to sale to the automobile and white goods industry.
Sodium Carbonate: The most important use for sodium carbonate is in the manufacture of glass. When heated to very high temperatures, combined with sand and calcium carbonate and cooled very rapidly, glass is produced. Sodium carbonate is also used as a relatively strong base in various settings. For example, sodium carbonate is used as a pH regulator to maintain stable alkaline conditions necessary for the action of the majority of developing agents. It is a common additive in municipal pools used to neutralize the acidic effects of chlorine and raise pH. In chemistry, it is often used as an electrolyte. This is because electrolytes are usually salt-based, and sodium carbonate acts as a very good conductor in the process of electrolysis. Additionally, unlike chloride ions which form chlorine gas, carbonate ions are not corrosive to the anodes. It is also used as a primary standard for acid-base titrations because it is solid and air-stable, making it easy to weigh accurately. Sodium carbonate is used by the brick industry as a wetting agent to reduce the amount of water needed to extrude the clay. In casting, it is referred to as “bonding agent” and is used to allow wet alginate to adhere to gelled alginate. Sodium carbonate is used to encapsulate and kill mold. When mixed with water and put in a spray bottle, it is sold for its anti-mold cleaning ability. It is also used to blast off mold from wood or other materials. Sodium carbonate is used in toothpastes, where it acts as a foaming agent, an abrasive, and to temporarily increase mouth pH. Sodium carbonate may be used for safely cleaning silver. First, aluminum foil is added to a glass or ceramic container, and covered with very hot water and some sodium carbonate. Silver items are dipped into this “bath” to clean them, making sure the silver makes contact with the aluminum foil. Finally, the silver is rinsed in water and let to dry.
Pulp Bleaching Agent (FAS): FAS is one kind excellent pulp and paper bleaching agent, it can be used in reduction bleaching, waster papers deink bleaching. It is very stable in air and can be used under the normal equipments. Because of high reducibility and good stability, it is very suitable for high temperature continual bleaching, and there is good for environment, does not increase the waste water pollution load, conforms to the environmental protection requirements.
Thiourea Dioxide: Thiourea Dioxide (TDO or TUD) is also named as Formamidine Sulfinic Acid. Its appearance is white crystal powder. Thiourea Dioxide is a stable compound with no strong reducing and oxidizing ability, and its dissolvability is 26.7g/l (20 oC), while its PH is 5.0 in saturated solution. Thiourea Dioxide appears terrific stable even in 20oC -30oC solution, but when it is under heat or catalysesing by alkali, it decomposes gradually to produce sulfoxylic acid through formamidine sulfuric acid to exhibit a reducing action.
Sodium Metabisulphite: odium metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite Is an inorganic compound of chemical formula Na2S2O5. The name is sometimes referred to as disodium (metabisulfite, etc). It is used as a disinfectant, antioxidant and preservative agent. When mixed with water, sodium metabisulfite releases sulfur dioxide (SO2), a pungent, unpleasant smelling gas that can also cause breathing difficulties in some people. For this reason, sodium metabisulfite has fallen from common use in recent times, with agents such as hydrogen peroxide becoming more popular for effective and odorless sterilization of equipment. Released sulfur dioxide however makes the water a strong reducing agent.
Sodium Percarbonate: is a free-flowing powder with a common name of solid hydrogen peroxide; it is an addition compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide. Percarbonate has an active available oxygen content which is equivalent to 27.5% H2O2. It breaks down to oxygen, water and sodium carbonate upon decomposition. It’s an environmentally safe bleaching agent. Sodium Percarbonate can be mixed with one of the compounds containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and copper, ferrum, cobalt, manganese, and so on. In emergence,adding some water to this mixture, oxygen will be released in a ready and large quantity way. Sodium Percarbonate offers many of the same functional benefits as liquid hydrogen peroxide. It dissolves into water rapidly to release oxygen and provides powerful cleaning, bleaching, stain removal and deodorizing capabilities. As Sodium Percarbonate is a kind of new high effective bleaching raw material for detergent, with advantage of no odor, no toxin, and no pollution. Due to the bleaching capacity of active oxygen released into the water, Sodium Percarbonate shows well performance. Sodium Percarbonate also is one disinfecting agent, it can kill coliform, staphylokinase, hepatitis bacterium and so on, therefore it is used as defecting agent in Hospital,Public place, and to disinfected medical instrument, false teeth, fruit tools and fruit and so on. Along with the development of aquiculture, usages of Sodium Percarbonate in such domains are increasing. Many detergent manufacturers home and abroad have being adopted Sodium Percarbonate as bleaching raw material instead of Sodium perborate or others.
Zinc Dust: Zinc dust has a number of applications in the chemical industry, mainly as a reducing agent, and in the metallurgical industry as a cementation agent. Its use in paint is mentioned above (see Corrosion protection). A growing use is in alkaline zinc–manganese dioxide primary batteries. Instead of a can made from zinc strip, these cells have a steel can with a layer of manganese dioxide on the inside and inside that again a separator enclosing a paste of zinc powder as the anode.
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